Mutagenesis of a cAMP Response Element within the Latency-Associated Transcript Promoter of HSV-1 Reduces Adrenergic Reactivation

The characteristic site-specific reactivation phenotypes of HSV-1 and HSV-2 depend upon the latency-associated transcript region

After replication at sites of initial inoculation, herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) establish lifelong latent infections of the sensory and autonomic neurons of the ganglia serving those sites. Periodically, the virus reactivates from these neurons, and travels centripetally along the neuronal axon to cause recurrent epithelial infection. The major clinically observed differe...

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Latency-Associated Transcript Reduces Human Neuroblastoma Cell Proliferation

Background and Aims: The latency-associated transcript (LAT) transcribed by latent Herpes Simplex Virus type-1 in neuron cells are able to influence their host cell pathways. While the most of previous studies were focused on anti-apoptotic effects of LAT, our investigation is making an effort to explore LAT potency on cell cycle pathway in neuroblastoma cell lines. Methods: The evaluation of L...

The latency-associated transcript gene of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is required for efficient in vivo spontaneous reactivation of HSV-1 from latency.

During herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) neuronal latency, the only viral RNA detected is from the latency-associated transcript (LAT) gene. We have made a LAT deletion mutant of McKrae, an HSV-1 strain with a very high in vivo spontaneous reactivation rate. This mutant (dLAT2903) lacks the LAT promoter and the first 1.6 kb of the 5' end of LAT. dLAT2903 was compared with its parental virus a...

HSV latency-associated transcript and neuronal apoptosis.

Repression of the HSV-1 latency-associated transcript (LAT) promoter by the early growth response (EGR) proteins: involvement of a binding site immediately downstream of the TATA box.

During herpes simplex virus (HSV) latency, in neurons of the nervous system, a single family of viral transcripts (the Latency-Associated Transcripts or LATs) are synthesized. Within the LAT promoter region, we have identified a consensus sequence for the EGR proteins in an unusual position immediately downstream of the TATA box. The early growth response (EGR) proteins are rapidly induced in c...